It has not been unusual for clinical PMWS to be diagnosed on farms in the U.S. and Canada based on the case definition published by Sorden (Sorden, S.D., 2000. Update on porcine circovirus and post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Swine Health Prod. 8, 133-136). These affected farms have historically been positive for Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2). But since late 2004, there has been a precipitous increase in morbidity and mortality apparently associated with clinical PMWS in certain hog dense areas of Canada. Theories for etiology of this increase include the emergence of a completely new infectious agent; development of a new, more virulent and/or transmissible strain of PCV2; or the emergence of infectious or non-infectious disease co-factors that interact with PCV2 to increase the incidence of clinical PCV2 associated disease. The National Pork Board is calling for research proposals addressing etiology, diagnosis, control and biosecurity factors needed to prevent PMWS. Proposal funding should be limited to up to $50,000, unless justification for an increased budget can be provided. Please see http://www.pork.org for complete RFP, proposal format and submission instructions.